NETWORKING AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS
1) UTP-
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| UTP |
UTP (Unshielded
Twisted Pair) is the most popular type of twisted pair cabling which is
inexpensive, reliable and supports data transfer rates up to 1 Gbps. Cat 5 is
the most popular category that uses RJ-45 connectors. UTP is good for noise
rejection and it covers a maximum distance of 100m.
2) STP Cable-
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| STP |
STP
(Shielded Twisted Pair) is a kind of costlier cable in which wires are wrapped
in a metal sheath to provide extra protection from external interfering
signals. D-shell connectors are used in STP cable. STP has shorter distance
than UTP (only 90m) but has better noise rejection.
3) Coaxial Cable-
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| Coaxial Cable |
Coaxial cable is a wire with single-ended single-reference where the
central conductor carries the data signals. It uses BNC, T-connectors and
terminators in bus topology of a computer network and cable network. 10 Mbps is
the maximum speed of coaxial cable.
4) Fiber Optics Cable-
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| Fiber Optics |
Fiber optics is one of the costlier cables used in data communication
that uses light to carry a data signal through the cable. The connectors used
in fiber optics are SMA (Screw-Mounted Adaptors) or ST (Straight Tip
Connector), SC (Subscriber Connector) and FC (Ferrule Connector).
5) Radio Waves-
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| Radio waves |
The
type of unguided media, where the signal is carried over by carrier waves is
called radio wave. The computers or networks that need to communicate using
radio waves should have an antenna. The antenna converts the outgoing and incoming
data packets into radio waves and transmits them.
6) Terrestrial Microwave-
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| Terrestrial Microwave |
Terretrial microwave is
the transmission of information or energy by electromagnetic waves hose wavelengths
are measured in small numbers o centimeter.
7) Satellite Microwave-
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| Satellite Microave |
In
satellite communication, signal transferring between the sender and receiver is
done with the help of satellite. In this process, the signal which is basically
a beam of modulated microwaves is sent towards the satellite.
8) Connectors-
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| Connectors |
Connectors acts as an interface between the NIC of the computer and the
cable that passes data from one computer to another. The type of connector
depends on the cable types or devices used in networks. Some of the commonly
used connectors are:
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Connectors
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Cable
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RJ-45
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RJ-45
(Register Jack-45) is used with UTP cable.
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BNC
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BNC is used with
coaxial cable.
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D-shell
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D-Shell
( ) is used with STP
Cable.
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Terminators
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Terminators
are used with coaxial cable.
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ST
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ST
(Straight Tip Connectors) is used with fiber optics cable.
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SC
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SC
(Subscriber Connector) is used with fiber optics cable.
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FC
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FC
(Ferrule Connector) is used with fiber optics cable.
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SMA
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SMA
(Screw-Mounted Adaptors) is used with fiber optics cable.
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T-Connectors
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T-Connectors
( ) is used with coaxial cable.
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