Class 10 Project Works

NETWORKING AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS

1) UTP-

UTP

UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) is the most popular type of twisted pair cabling which is inexpensive, reliable and supports data transfer rates up to 1 Gbps. Cat 5 is the most popular category that uses RJ-45 connectors. UTP is good for noise rejection and it covers a maximum distance of 100m.

2) STP Cable-

STP

STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) is a kind of costlier cable in which wires are wrapped in a metal sheath to provide extra protection from external interfering signals. D-shell connectors are used in STP cable. STP has shorter distance than UTP (only 90m) but has better noise rejection.

3) Coaxial Cable-

Coaxial Cable

Coaxial cable is a wire with single-ended single-reference where the central conductor carries the data signals. It uses BNC, T-connectors and terminators in bus topology of a computer network and cable network. 10 Mbps is the maximum speed of coaxial cable.

4) Fiber Optics Cable-

Fiber Optics

Fiber optics is one of the costlier cables used in data communication that uses light to carry a data signal through the cable. The connectors used in fiber optics are SMA (Screw-Mounted Adaptors) or ST (Straight Tip Connector), SC (Subscriber Connector) and FC (Ferrule Connector).

5) Radio Waves-

Radio waves

The type of unguided media, where the signal is carried over by carrier waves is called radio wave. The computers or networks that need to communicate using radio waves should have an antenna. The antenna converts the outgoing and incoming data packets into radio waves and transmits them.

6) Terrestrial Microwave-

Terrestrial Microwave

Terretrial microwave is the transmission of information or energy by electromagnetic waves hose wavelengths are measured in small numbers o centimeter.

7) Satellite Microwave-

Satellite Microave

In satellite communication, signal transferring between the sender and receiver is done with the help of satellite. In this process, the signal which is basically a beam of modulated microwaves is sent towards the satellite.

8) Connectors-

Connectors

Connectors acts as an interface between the NIC of the computer and the cable that passes data from one computer to another. The type of connector depends on the cable types or devices used in networks. Some of the commonly used connectors are: